'\" t
.\"     Title: userdel
.\"    Author: Julianne Frances Haugh
.\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets vsnapshot <http://docbook.sf.net/>
.\"      Date: 2026-04-29
.\"    Manual: System Management Commands
.\"    Source: shadow-utils 4.19.0
.\"  Language: Chinese Simplified
.\"
.TH "USERDEL" "8" "2026-04-29" "shadow\-utils 4\&.19\&.0" "System Management Commands"
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.SH "名称"
userdel \- 删除用户账户和相关文件
.SH "大纲"
.HP \w'\fBuserdel\fR\ 'u
\fBuserdel\fR [options] \fILOGIN\fR
.SH "描述"
.PP
The
\fBuserdel\fR
command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to the user name
\fILOGIN\fR\&. The named user must exist\&.
.SH "选项"
.PP
The options which apply to the
\fBuserdel\fR
command are:
.PP
\fB\-f\fR, \fB\-\-force\fR
.RS 4
This option forces the removal of the user account and any other requested actions, skipping any safety checks\&.
.sp
\fINote:\fR
This option is dangerous and may leave your system in an inconsistent state\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-h\fR, \fB\-\-help\fR
.RS 4
显示帮助信息并退出。
.RE
.PP
\fB\-r\fR, \fB\-\-remove\fR
.RS 4
用户主目录中的文件将随用户主目录和用户邮箱一起删除。在其它文件系统中的文件必须手动搜索并删除。
.sp
The mail spool is defined by the
\fBMAIL_DIR\fR
variable in the
login\&.defs
file\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-R\fR, \fB\-\-root\fR\ \&\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
.RS 4
Apply changes in the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory and use the configuration files from the
\fICHROOT_DIR\fR
directory\&. Only absolute paths are supported\&. No SELINUX support\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-P\fR, \fB\-\-prefix\fR\ \&\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
.RS 4
Apply changes in the
\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
directory and use the configuration files from the
\fIPREFIX_DIR\fR
directory\&. This option does not chroot and is intended for preparing a cross\-compilation target\&. Some limitations: NIS and LDAP users/groups are not verified\&. PAM authentication is using the host files\&. No SELINUX support\&.
.RE
.PP
\fB\-Z\fR, \fB\-\-selinux\-user\fR
.RS 4
移除用户登录的所有 SELinux 用户映射。
.RE
.SH "配置文件"
.PP
The following configuration variables in
/etc/login\&.defs
change the behavior of this tool:
.SH "文件"
.PP
/etc/group
.RS 4
组账户信息。
.RE
.PP
/etc/login\&.defs
.RS 4
Shadow 密码套件配置。
.RE
.PP
/etc/passwd
.RS 4
用户账户信息。
.RE
.PP
/etc/shadow
.RS 4
安全用户账户信息。
.RE
.PP
/etc/shadow\-maint/userdel\-pre\&.d/*, /etc/shadow\-maint/userdel\-post\&.d/*
.RS 4
Run\-part files to execute during user deletion\&. The environment variable
\fBACTION\fR
will be populated with
\fBuserdel\fR
and
\fBSUBJECT\fR
with the username\&.
userdel\-pre\&.d
will be executed prior to any user deletion\&.
userdel\-post\&.d
will execute after user deletion\&. If a script exits non\-zero then execution will terminate\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/subgid
.RS 4
Per user subordinate group IDs\&.
.RE
.PP
/etc/subuid
.RS 4
Per user subordinate user IDs\&.
.RE
.SH "退出值"
.PP
The
\fBuserdel\fR
command exits with the following values:
.PP
\fI0\fR
.RS 4
success
.RE
.PP
\fI1\fR
.RS 4
can\*(Aqt update password file
.RE
.PP
\fI2\fR
.RS 4
invalid command syntax
.RE
.PP
\fI6\fR
.RS 4
specified user doesn\*(Aqt exist
.RE
.PP
\fI8\fR
.RS 4
user currently logged in
.RE
.PP
\fI10\fR
.RS 4
can\*(Aqt update group file
.RE
.PP
\fI12\fR
.RS 4
can\*(Aqt remove home directory
.RE
.SH "CAVEATS"
.PP
\fBuserdel\fR
will not allow you to remove an account if there are running processes which belong to this account\&. In that case, you may have to kill those processes or lock the user\*(Aqs password or account and remove the account later\&. The
\fB\-f\fR
option can force the deletion of this account\&.
.PP
您应该手动检查所以文件系统，以确保没有遗留此用户的文件。
.PP
您不能在 NIS 客户端上移除任何 NIS 属性。这必须在 NIS 服务器上执行。
.PP
If
\fBUSERGROUPS_ENAB\fR
is defined to
\fIyes\fR
in
/etc/login\&.defs,
\fBuserdel\fR
will delete the group with the same name as the user\&. To avoid inconsistencies in the passwd and group databases,
\fBuserdel\fR
will check that this group is not used as a primary group for another user, and will just warn without deleting the group otherwise\&. The
\fB\-f\fR
option can force the deletion of this group\&.
.SH "参见"
.PP
\fBchfn\fR(1),
\fBchsh\fR(1),
\fBpasswd\fR(1),
\fBlogin.defs\fR(5),
\fBgpasswd\fR(8),
\fBgroupadd\fR(8),
\fBgroupdel\fR(8),
\fBgroupmod\fR(8),
\fBsubgid\fR(5), \fBsubuid\fR(5),
\fBuseradd\fR(8),
\fBusermod\fR(8)\&.
